Academic thoughts on immigration – a European kaleidoscope
UNITED KINGDOM
In 2023, the United Kingdom had a total of 68.3 million inhabitants.
Fertility rates have stayed relatively stable in the last few years. While the fertility rate per woman was 1.8 in 2013, this figure fell to 1.6 in 2023. Experts project that by mid-2032, migration trends will result in a population increase of 4.9 million and a decrease in fertility rates with the most recent projections at 1.41.
The United Kingdom has seen record numbers in net migration, with 445,532 new arrivals in 2023. The most recent census data from 2021-2022 estimates that 16% of the population is foreign born, totalling 10.7 million inhabitants. The number is likely to be even higher currently based on recent immigration trends.
Sources:
*Data from World Bank Group, Office for National Statistics, and The Migration Observatory; Oxford
https://data.worldbank.org/country/united-kingdom
https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.TFRT.IN?locations=GB
For insights into perceptions, societal logic, and recommendations based on national experiences, please refer to the interviews below: