Academic thoughts on immigration – a European kaleidoscope
POLAND
In 2023, Poland had a total of 38.76 million inhabitants, while in 2013 the number was still 38.26 million.
The rise due to the war in Ukraine moderated the slow decline in the population. Nevertheless, for 2030 a decrease to 37.2 million is projected. In 2023, the Fertility rate stood at 1.29, already well below the rate needed for replacement. Ten years later, after a brief rebound, the rate settled at 1.30.
The share of third-country nationals (i.e., non-EU citizens) in the total population rose to 1.1 percent as of 1 January 2023 (EU: 6.1%).
Sources:
The general data on population, fertility rate and Third County Nationals are taken from „database.earth“a d the European Annual Report on Migration and Asylum:
https://database.earth/population/poland
For insights into perceptions, societal logic, and recommendations based on national experiences, please refer to the interviews below: